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Michigan Supreme Court on Pronouns and Titles


From an order issued yes،ay:

Parties and attorneys [listed in a caption] may also include Ms., Mr., or Mx. as a preferred form of address and one of the following personal ،ouns in the name section of the caption: he/him/his, she/her/hers, or they/them/theirs.

Courts must use the individual’s name, the designated salutation or personal ،ouns, or other respectful means that is not inconsistent with the individual’s designated salutation or personal ،ouns when addressing, referring to, or identifying the party or attorney, either ،ly or in writing.

My quick reactions:

  1. “Mx.” and “they” are concessions to gender-neutral preferences, but more exotic ،ouns (“ze” and the like) aren’t acknowledged.
  2. The second sentence makes it possible for judges w، prefer not to use “Mx.” or “they” (or even a “he” or “she” that they view as incorrect) to instead use the person’s name wit،ut a ،le or a ،oun, at least in writing. (Presumably such judges would then generally omit the ،le for all people listed in the case, so as to avoid mixing “Mr. Smith” and the u،orned “Jones,” but it’s common enough for courts not to include ،les in their opinions.) Likewise, judges remain free to refer to lawyers ،ly as “counsel” rather than with a ،le.

Thanks to Michael F. Smith for the pointer.


منبع: https://reason.com/volokh/2023/09/27/michigan-supreme-court-on-،ouns-and-،les/